"All My Sons" By Arthur Miller.

"All My Sons" 

By 'Arthur Miller'.

Introduction about the auther:

          Arthur asher Miller was born in 1915 and died in 2005. was an American playwright ,essayist , and figure in twentieth century American theater. among his most popular play are 'All My sons', ' Death of salesman', 'A view from the bridge'.Miller was often in the public eye, particularly during the late 1940s,1950s and 1960s. During that time, he was awarded the Pulitzer prize for Drama testified before the house un - American Activity committee and he was married to mariyn manroe.

All My sons Play summery :           

                  The night Ann Deever returns to her old neighborhood to visit Chris Keller and his family, a tree in their backyard blows over in a storm. The tree was planted as a memorial to the older Keller son, Larry, a fighter pilot who was lost in World War II. The morning after the storm, family members and neighbors gather in the yard to chat, to read the newspaper, and to discuss Ann’s return.

                  Ann’s father, who was Joe Keller’s partner in a wartime business, is in the penitentiary for having allowed cracked cylinder heads to be shipped, which caused the deaths of twenty-one pilots. (Joe was jailed, too, but was later exonerated for his part in the incident.) After the neighbors leave and while Ann is still inside the Keller house eating breakfast, Joe and Chris—a father and grown son who obviously admire each other—discuss Larry’s tree falling and the effect it will have on Kate, the mother. Chris also tells his father that he asked Ann to visit because he wants to ask her to marry him; Joe responds that his mother will not like the news because she still thinks of Ann as Larry’s girl. Chris explains that if he is to stay with the family business, he will need his father’s support in convincing Kate that Larry is not coming back from the war and that Ann and he have the right to be happy.

                When she enters the backyard, Kate tries to downplay the significance of Larry’s destroyed tree, but she notes the coincidence of Ann’s return. She reminds the two men that she is sure Larry is not dead and that Ann must share that sentiment. Chris tries to reason with her, but she insists that it is possible that Larry is still alive. She mentions that a neighbor is working out Larry’s horoscope to establish whether or not Larry’s plane crash could have occurred on one of Larry’s “lucky” days.

                 Once Ann joins the Keller family in the yard, the talk turns to old times and ultimately to Larry. Ann makes it clear that she is not waiting for Larry, but Kate tells her that she should listen to her heart, “because certain things have to be, and certain things can never be.” Their talk also turns to Ann’s father in prison, and Ann reveals that her sympathy for him came to an end once she heard of Larry’s crash. Joe explains that Steve—Ann’s father—is not a bad man, just the type of weak man who buckles under pressure. Joe goes on to say that in spite of Steve’s claim that he, Joe, approved the damaged shipment, he would be willing to let Steve come back to the business, not as a partner but as a worker. Ann marvels at Joe’s magnanimity, and Chris agrees that he is “a great guy.”

                 After the group makes plans to go out for a celebratory dinner, Chris and Ann talk seriously. Chris explains his feelings for her, and Ann assures him that she wants to marry him. Chris also confides his guilt in having survived the war, explaining that in combat he realized his responsibility for others. He wonders whether there is any meaning to all the suffering and destruction and whether his actions and participation in his father’s business since the war are admirable or self-serving.

                Ann’s brother George calls after having visited their father in prison, and he announces that he needs to see the Kellers. He does not say why, and Joe begins to worry that he might want to stir up old trouble. In anticipation of George’s return, Kate makes his favorite grape drink and tells her husband: “Be smart now, Joe. The boy is coming. Be smart.”

            Ann challenges Chris’s complete acceptance of his father’s innocence, and Chris asks: “Do you think I could forgive him if he’d done that thing?” Later that afternoon, George arrives. He tells Chris and Ann that his father charged Joe with having given him the go-ahead to ship the defective cylinder heads and with lying about his role in the crime when he claimed to have been home, sick in bed.

            Chris and Ann are able to calm George, and once Kate greets him and reminds him of all the good times in the old neighborhood, George accepts the Kellers’ dinner invitation. Joe appears in the backyard and greets George, and eventually the conversation turns to Joe’s remarkable good health. Kate offhandedly mentions that he has not been sick a day in his life. Joe interjects with a reminder that he had the flu during the war, but George catches the Kellers in the discrepancy and he openly charges Joe with having let his father take the blame.

           George storms out, and Chris confronts Joe, asking him what he did with the 120 cracked engine heads. Joe explains that a slowdown in production would have been costly for the business and that he let the shipment go, but he did not think that the defective parts would be installed. He concludes by saying that he did it for Chris. Chris yells back at him and pounds on his father’s chest before he leaves.

             At two o’clock the following morning, Kate and Joe discuss the situation and wonder what their son will do with their secret. Ann enters the backyard where they sit and says that she will do nothing about Joe but that Kate must accept that Larry is dead so that she and Chris can marry. Kate balks and Joe goes into the house. Ann produces a letter from Larry written on the day he crashed, in which he tells of knowing about his father’s part in the shipment of defective engine parts and that it is his intention to crash his plane.

            When Chris returns, he announces that he is going to leave home and asks his parents what they are going to do to make the situation right. Joe, still unable to comprehend, asks why he is considered “bad,” to which Chris responds, “you’re no worse than most men but I thought you were better. I never saw you as a man. I saw you as my father.”

            Chris reads Larry’s letter aloud to his father and asks him if he understands his moral obligation. Just before going back into the house, Joe haltingly admits that the deaths of the twenty-one pilots are his responsibility: “they were all my sons.” A few minutes later, inside the house, Joe shoots himself.

"A True Story " short story by "Mark Twain".

A True Story

Short story by "Mark twain"

Introduction:
            "A True story" is written by Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910)better known by his Pen Name Mark Twain, was an American writer, humorist, entrepreneur, publisher, and lecturer. Among his novels are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and its sequel, the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885), the latter often called "The Great American Novel".


The pitiable condition of Negro people in south America:


         This story begins with two characters in which one is the master C and unther is Aunt Rachel.The location is the farm house and it is the summer time.From the very beginning the readers get the ideas of social state and characters level.The narrator name is master C.And the woman who has sad bellow his level is Aunt Rachel. She is servant as she is the black woman , after raining the point of troubles and happiness the narrators asks aunt Rachel about her happy life and to share her secret with him.

         Aunt Rachel answers him that she had lots of trouble in her life then. She begins her story tells: She had a loving and faithful husband with seven children. But unfortunately her husband and six children were sold in and auction. When her last and seventh son Henry was about to be sold , she tried to save her Henry from being sold but she was beaten by her previous master. At last Henry was sold but before that he declared to his mother that he would buy freedom for her.

        As time passe Aunt Rachel got aged a colonel and he appointed her as a cook during the pried she spend at the Colonels house she meet her seventh child Henry who had become a solder at last, after a party, in the morning at seven, she meet Henry infrunt of her with the same remark on his wrist and forehead which he got during his childhood.
   
      This story completes here with a striking messaged that the negro people were oppressed by the american people.
   

"The Mother" short story by William somerset Maugham.

"The Mother" 

 Short story by William Somerset Maugham.

Introduction:

            William Somerset Maugham was born in 1874 and died in 1965. He is one of the most popular writer of English fiction and drama.he has written many fiction work like "The Moon and Six Pence" , "Cakes and Ale" and of Human Bondage". Once he visited Indian in 1938 and by affecting by Indian philosophy in wrote "The Razor's Edge".  He is a great story teller who shows he is story's are construction of plots. He is story's are concerned with human follies and foibles. He is also master in presenting, Ironies of life.

The depiction of a psychological study of a woman's suffering / Isolation :

             "The Mother" is a touching story of a jealous and possessive woman whose name is La cachirra. when the story opens we find a quarrel between la cachirra and the porter from the very begining the readers get the quarrel some of her. Which gives a hint of her isolation and sufferings. She lives on her own without disturbing her neighbors. But she becomes very possessive when her son currito visits her. Currito ,no doubt loves his mother but not as much as his mother does other new characters are introduced in this story named Pilar and Rosalia. Currito false in love with rosalia at the very first sight when his mother comes to know about his affair which  rosalia she become very horrible and violent. she does not want ant woman let her son rob. Rosalia desert love Currito and becomes a rival of La cachirra.

             They psychological state of La cachirra mind can be found understood very easily. For she has spend seven years in jail to save to his child from the torture pape santi, as the took shelter from him. She has been living with out son for many years. after coming back from the jail she lives again without her son as he has stay away from her for his work, so as a mother it is quite natural. she longs for her only child because she has none in the world but her only Currito. La cachirra becomes the representative of all women. who suffer from the paint of isolation.

          So far as her psychological status is concerned she earns readers sympathy. She is right from her point of few that currito should give her priority. She is the woman who craves for someones company in her life as she has been alone along time La cachirra is a woman who has suffers a lot throughout her life on the other side Currito does in justice to his mother.

         La Cachirras life centers around her love for her son and as a wretched woman she is shaken by curritos love for an other woman Rosalia and as a result she stabs in to her nack and kills her.

Conclusion:
         To, sum up, can say that La cachirra's possessiveness and insecurity cause her isolation, she becomes the representation of those woman who are psychological disturbed her abnormal behavior is the out come of human sufferings in which Maugham is genius.

                      

            

Movie review "The Reluctant Fundamentalist"

Movie review:"The Reluctant Fundamentalist " By Mira Nair.

This blog is a part of my class room activity of postcolonial studies film : The Reluctant Fundamentalist.

Click here to show given this task.

            "The Reluctant Fundamentalist" it is a political thriller drama and film based on the 2007 novel ,The reluctant Fundamentalist by Mohsin Hamid and movie directed by Mira Nair. In this film a young Pakistani man is changez corporate success on wall street where he find himself embroiled in conflict between his American dream, a hostage crisis, and the enduring call of his family.The story is recounted in flashback by Changez, now an academic back in Lahore, to an American journalist on the trail of a kidnapped professor.

           In this film we clearly see that relation between east and west. We find power and capitalism there. And postcolonial aspect we may say that changez has many identity.As we all know that post colonialism its all about language and Changez use their language.

                      " I am both a native of this city and a speaker of your language."

In this sentence showing that he is different from the the rest of native people. Changez has great belief in American economy and capitalism. He works for American companies but suddenly after 9/11 all things are changed for him.that how America look toward him ,that historical event 9/11 attacked on Afghanistan on the world tread center in America reflect the reality .Changez suspected as a terrorist because of his religious -Islam.And he make friend with love in one American lady,but after the attack of his colleagues he started misbehaving with him. we find that post colonialism aspect here when Changez was suffer for his name,look, identity and his religious Muslim are disrespected by American .
         So it is very useful movie about racism, post colonialism ,business mindset and American dreams of third world.With the character of Changez we come to know the condition of an outsider in American ration world.

Movie review "Midnight Children".

Movie review "Midnight Children"

                This blog is a part of my classroom activity of postcolonial studies Film screening : "Midnight Children".

Here is the blob link given this task.

              "Midnight children" this  movie based on the famous novel writer and Booker prize winner Salman Rushdie and this movie is directed by Deepa mehta and screen by Salman Rushdie.this film based on India  before independent and after independent colonial and postcolonial aspect.Its about the political power and superiority. This film story about India, is told though a smaller one, about a family, and especially one boy Saleem Sinai. Saleem Sinai is a hero and roll of his played by British actor Satya Bhabha. This movie start with Indian city also end with same. Saleem life run out that the political ,social ,linguistic and cultural strife faced the newly independent India.And there is meta narration of Muslim its challenge by marginalization.

                 We see in this movie things like telepathic,and Saleem's telepathy is a way for us to imagine the difficulty of containing multitudes in one body and not just Saleem body but also politic of nation of India. that in the movie we see magic realism that Saleem was eventually find a way to hear their  "Like calling out to like" It call like a magic and there is underneath the crasy clamor of all the other voices is a sign of hope in a novel that keeps telling us how saleem and India is literary spilitting apart and dying. When the midnight children's join saleem for chatty, contentious meeting , the camera's focus goes soft , which seems fitting , as the children are mostly indistinct here practically an afterthought , and without much metaphorical power.And in any case , they take a back seat to saleem and his family's story . There are infants switched at birth one rich, one poor, revelations about parenthood , amnesia, war, riots, sudden shifts in fortune and, most satisfyingly, a kind of mother-son reunion between Saleem and his ayah that would do a Bombay talkie proud.

             Historical time in India as well as Bangladesh history , Indian history like the independence movement, two civil war with Pakistan arising of the Bangladesh as a new nation,emergency during Indira Gandhi was prime minister of India. In a sense we see in this film this all are recorded of history and Indian culture too.

                       Little magic is also reflected with Paravti's  - Abracadabra we see in this film that character of Parvati present magic realism.Through her magic and through her magic skill she changes the situation and save saleem life.
               

"The Birthday Party" by "Harold Pinter".

Post viewing task of The Birthday Party.

Respected sir,

Here Link of this Blog.

Here Is my view about post viewing task " The Birthday Party".

1)Why are two scenes of Lulu omitted from the movie?

           Stanley Webber is the protagonist of the play around whom the story revolves.Lulu  presence in the play by the side of the older woman intensifies, if anything the disparaged image of the feminine.were there in last act, the audience would focus on the character of a woman who was abused by men and Lulu would have been judged as victim rather than the protagonist.

2)Is movie successful in giving us the effect of menace? Where you able to feel it while reading the text?

          Yes movies is successful in giving us the effect of menace.In this play where each and every character passing one or unknown fear.But in the text I find that effect in co conversation between Goldberg and Mccann and Stanley.And also we feel that Stanley has a mysterious past about which we dont know.

3) Do you feel the effect of lurking danger while viewing the movie? Where you able to feel the same while reading the text

        Yes I feel the lurking danger while viewing the movie.The sound of knowing the door, and cutting of newspaper sound.When the party was going that i feel lurking danger and something bad happen in the party, also they are plying the game of blind's man buff, This aal scene i fell lurking danger.

4)What do you read in 'newspaper' in the movie? Petey is reading newspaper to Meg, it torn into pieces by McCain, pieces are hidden by Petey in last scene.

         Newspaper is tools of communication and in this play it is highlighted. Petey is reading news and Meg is asking about news and it was routine for that.Meg has a short memory. And newspaper torn in to pieces by McCann but in a proper order and pieces are hidden or rather than show realistic.

5) Camera is positioned over the head of McCain when he is playing Blind Man's Buff and is positioned at the top with a view of room like a cage (trap) when Stanley is playing it. What interpretations can you give to these positioning of camera? 

        In blind man's buff, the camera is positioned on the head of McCann which show ,he is overpower y his desire for catching Stanley. When Stanley is shown from the top of the room, it can bee seen as caught in the trap.

6)"Pinter restored theater to its basic elements: an enclosed space and unpredictable dialogue, where people are at the mercy of one another and pretense crumbles." (Pinter, Art, Truth & Politics: Excerpts from the 2005 Nobel Lecture). Does this happen in the movie?

          Yes it happen in to the movie. There in the movie all character like Lulu, Meg, Petey and Stanley care for each other and there is spoken to by Stanley truth is introduce by petey and politics issues is exhibited by McCann and Goldberg.

7)How does viewing movie help in better understanding of the play ‘The Birthday Party’ with its typical characteristics (like pinteresque, pause, silence, menace, lurking danger)?

             Movie helps us better understanding of the play. The pauses & silence the effect of menace and lurking of danger it is very well in the movie but felt while reading the text and during the movie. we find that sound of cutting of newspaper, fear and mystique ,tolerant of dialogue in the movie.

8) With which of the following observations you agree:

             I agree that “It's impossible to imagine a better film of Pinter's play than this sensitive, disturbing version directed by William Friedkin

9)If you were director or screenplay writer, what sort of difference would you make in the making of movie?

           There is nothing to change in the movie . Because in the movie camera angel,lighting and close up of thing show trivial life.

10) Who would be your choice of actors to play the role of characters?

             

I would like to choose characters like this:

Stanley: Irfan Khan

Meg :     Juhi Chawla

Lulu:       Kalki koechlin

Goldberg: Imran Hasmi

McCann: John Abrahim.

Virtue 

Poem by George Herbert:

             

Analysis:

             This poem "Virtue" by George Herbert is divided in a four stanza taking about Virtue as a primary concord true ,this poem the poet addresis virtue as what will live forever even after the discretion of the world.

             In the fist stanza poet take about a perfect day which is supposed to be ideal but as per the sical of the nature it has to and at one point in the time any thing that begins in the worlds has to necessarily end because anything in this material world is mortal by its very nature.

            In this poem next stanza there is deals with a swite rose which is in full bloom but its real beauty lies within in the roots of the plant and its external beauty has to die .One day as its beauty is not at all come not in this mortal world.

          In the next stanza poet takes about the spring season which know as the king of all season s and the nature around is as its best during this particular season every thing in the let of nature seems to be picture perfect but it has to an fortunately end with the up coming season what ever that is in he purview of nature is mortal in it self.

         The last stanza is distinct in turns of its a cross an like the early stanza ,this stanza takes about what will live intend of what dies in this stanza .The poet takes about the virtues shall which would live even after every thing is in world has turned in to a ashes.

        Courtesy this poem ,the poet wants to send a message that a human being would always be remembered by his or her deeds end the good deeds will turn in to virtues which would be inmortal.